Wind speed prediction for site selection and reliable operation of wind power plants in coastal regions using machine learning algorithm variants

Sustainable Energy Research

Table 2 Statistical performance metrics commonly used in regression analysis

Metric	Full form	Equation
MSE	Mean squared error	\(\mathrm{MSE }= \frac{1}{{\text{n}}}\sum_{{\text{i}}=1}^{{\text{n}}}{\left({{\text{y}}}_{{\text{i}}}-{\widehat{{\text{y}}}}_{{\text{i}}}\right)}^{2}\)
MAE	Mean absolute error	\({\text{MAE}}=\frac{1}{{\text{n}}}\sum_{{\text{i}}=1}^{{\text{n}}}\left\|{{\text{y}}}_{{\text{i}}}-{\widehat{{\text{y}}}}_{{\text{i}}}\right\|\)
R²	Coefficient of determination	\({{\text{R}}}^{2}=1- \frac{\sum_{{\text{i}}=1}^{{\text{n}}}{\left({{\text{y}}}_{{\text{i}}}-{\widehat{{\text{y}}}}_{{\text{i}}}\right)}^{2}}{\sum_{{\text{i}}=1}^{{\text{n}}}{\left({{\text{y}}}_{{\text{i}}}-\overline{{\text{y}} }\right)}^{2}}\)