Table 3 Summary of hazard type and its standardized thresholds

Heat, fire and explosion

Thermal runaway

N/A

Venting of combustible gases

 < 25% of lower flammable limit (LFL)

Fire/explosion

N/A

Chemical

Corrosive electrolyte

pH < 2.5, pH > 11.5

Toxic materials

LC50

Lv 1:5000–10000 ppm

Lv 2:3000–5000 ppm

Lv 3: 1000–3000 ppm

Lv 4: < 1000 ppm (gas) Or 10–200 mg/L (liquid)

Reactive materials

N/A

Oxidizers

N/A

Physical

Hot parts

N/A

Moving parts

N/A

Electrical

Electrical shock

50 V

Arc flash

5 J/cm²

Stored charge

N/A