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Table 7 System level of failure

From: Large-scale energy storage system: safety and risk assessment

Level, a

 

Description

Failure modes

fa

Na

1

Battery rack level

Single failure affects one battery rack

Internal short circuit, overcharging, communications failure

f1 = MCS of frequency of battery rack level failures

N1 = Number of battery racks per BESS unit

2

BESS unit Level

Single failure affects one BESS unit or container

Cooling system failure, external short circuit, mechanical impact

f2 = MCS of Frequency of BESS unit level failures

N2 = Number of BESS units in LSSPV system

3

Global level

Single occurrence affects all BESS units

Natural hazard event (e.g. flood)

f3 = MCS of frequency of global level failures

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